I

IC
Abbreviation for "integrated circuit"

Internal resistance
Every source has some resistance in series with the o/p current. When current is drained from the source power is lost due to the voltage drop across the internal resistance.


Intrinsic material
A semiconductor material with electrical properties.


Inverting amplifier
An amplifier that has a 180° phase shift from input to output.


Inverting input
In an operational amplifier (op amp) the input that is marked with a minus sign. A signal given at the inverting input will be given 180° phase shift between input and output.


Ion -(Positive & Negative)
An atom with fewer electrons in orbit than the number of protons in the nucleus is a positive ion. An atom with a greater number of electrons in orbit than the number of protons in the nucleus is a negative ion.


Ionized
Atoms become ionized when they gain or lose a valence electron.

IGFET
Insulated gate field effect transistor. Another name for a "MOSFET."


Impedance
Measured in ohms it is the opposition to the flow of current offered by a circuit. Impedance consists of the vector sum of resistance and reactance.


Impedance coupling
Coupling of two signal amplifier circuits