BASICS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT

Electric Current is the flow of charge. Charge here refers to ions or electrons. Hence we can define Electric Current as flow of electrons through electronic components. We can say in more simpler terms current is flow of electrons.

We know that like charges repel and unlike charges attract each other. In Other Words Negative-Negative repels each other and Positive-Negative attracts each other.

For example we have to glow an electric bulb then a negative end of a 9volt battery will drive negative electrons along an electric wire. The positive end of a 9volt battery will attract negative electrons along an electric wire. Electric current will therefore flow from the negative terminal of a battery through the electric bulb to the positive terminal and will glow the electric bulb.

The SI unit of electric current intensity is the ampere. Electric current is measured using an ammeter. The current I in amperes can be computed with the following Formula:

I=Q/T

Q-Electric Charge in Columbs

T-Time in Seconds

Electric current can also be called as the time rate of change of charge

I=DQ/DT

Density of Electric Current

Current density is a measure of the density of an electric current. The current density is measured in amperes per square meter.

Drift Speed Computation of electric charges

I=NaVQ

I is the electric current

N is number of charged particles per unit volume

a is the cross-sectional area

V is the drift velocity

Q is the charge on each particle.