SEMICONDUCTORS

Semiconductors are materials which have a conductivity between conductors which are generally metals and nonconductors or insulators such as most ceramics. Semiconductors are pure elements, such as silicon or germanium, or compounds such as gallium arsenide or cadmium selenide. In a process called doping, small amounts of impurities are added to pure semiconductors causing major changes in the conductivity of the material.

List of commonly used semiconductor materials

Silicon (Si)
Germanium (Ge)
Silicon carbide (SiC)
Silicon germanide (SiGe)
Aluminium nitride (AlN)
Aluminium phosphide (AlP)
Boron nitride (BN)
Gallium antimonide (GaSb)
Indium phosphide (InP)
Gallium arsenide nitride (GaAsN)
Gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP)
Indium aluminium arsenide nitride (InAlAsN)
Zinc oxide (ZnO)
Zinc selenide (ZnSe)
Zinc sulfide (ZnS)
Zinc telluride (ZnTe)
Mercury zinc selenide (HgZnSe)
Lead sulfide (PbS)
Lead telluride (PbTe)
Tin sulfide (SnS)
lead tin telluride (PbSnTe)
Thallium tin telluride (Tl2SnTe5)
Zinc phosphide (Zn3P2)
Zinc arsenide (Zn3As2)
Zinc antimonide (Zn3Sb2)
Lead(II) iodide (PbI2)
Copper(I) oxide (Cu2O)